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During the late nineteenth century, Austin emerged as the seat of government and education. The city’s governmental structure consisted of a mayor and a council-manager form of government. The first mayor of Austin was Edwin Waller, who served from 1886 to 1909. The city’s political and social landscape became increasingly diverse during the twentieth century. As a result, the city grew rapidly.
During the Great Depression, the city fared comparatively well. Its economy was boosted by the construction of a railroad. The city’s population grew more rapidly during the 1930s than in any other decade.
The city’s population grew to over 656,562 at the end of the twentieth century. The city’s economy has since shifted to a concentration on technology and business. As a result, the city has become an emerging biotech and pharmaceutical center. In 2004, the Milken Institute ranked Austin #12 in the top 12 biotech centers in the world. The city is also home to BAE Systems and NXP Semiconductors.
In the 1970s, a series of environmental protection ordinances were passed by the city. As a result, the city’s economic growth was balanced by the city’s focus on preserving its environment. Many neighborhood groups opposed the efforts of environmentalists. In the 1990s, the city’s council-manager form of government remained in place.
The city’s population is predominantly white, with 48.3% of the population being non-Hispanic. Hispanics and Asians make up the rest of the population. The Asian and Hispanic populations account for 3% and 7.6% of the city’s population, respectively.
Historically, the east side of Austin has been home to a significant Mexican population. In the 1970s, Mexican Americans won their first seats on the school board and the city council. The east side was a popular area for artists. However, the rapid growth of the city in the 1970s and 1980s generated strong opposition. Austin’s election campaigns typically revolved around managing the city’s growth.
In 1928, Austin’s city plan called for cultural and educational development. A bond issue funded the first public library building and parks. The city also impounded a lake behind Longhorn Crossing Dam, forming Town Lake.
In the early twentieth century, segregation was widespread in Austin. Residents of Blacks were largely scattered across the city, with the majority living on the east side. In the 1930s, Blacks were primarily concentrated in the east side of the city, although the west side was a mixed-race community. The east side of Austin had taco trucks and Mexican grocery stores. The east side became the preferred location for artists in the mid-twentieth century.
During the 1970s, Austin imposed strict limits on its growth, including a series of environmental protection ordinances. The city’s political and economic growth was sustained by Mayor Tom Miller and Congressman Lyndon Baines Johnson. As a result, Austin is the largest city in Texas to have only one Interstate Highway.
The downtown region of Austin is home to a large percentage of Austin’s venues and restaurants. It is also the most densely populated part of the city. Fortunately, there are also several public transportation options available to residents. These include bus service and light rail. If you live near the downtown area, you may be able to avoid using your car for errands and work.
Point of Interest #1 Truluck’s Ocean’s Finest Seafood and Crab, 400 Colorado St, Austin, TX 78701
Point of Interest #2 RA Sushi Bar Restaurant, 117 W 4th St STE 300, Austin, TX 78701
Point of Interest #3 Driftwood Downtown, 319 Colorado St, Austin, TX 78701
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